Biological Therapies

Biological Therapies are only available on the NHS in limited circumstances, including as part of a clinical trial, after being successfully applied for through the PCT, or, in the case of Cetuximab in the 1st line treatment of metastatic colorectal treatment in certain clearly defined criteria.

Patients can discuss their suitability for these treatments and likelihood of obtaining them through the NHS, with their oncologist. They are available privately.

Biological Therapies include:

Cetuximab (Erbitux) - Known as a monoclonal antibody or biological agent. Not a conventional chemotherapy but a drug that targets the process of tumour growth. Erbitux can be administered on its own or in combination with Irinotecan. Patients must express the 'K- Ras' wild type gene to be suitable for this treatment. Currently approved by NICE in limited circumstances.

Bevacizumab (Avastin) - Also a monoclonal antibody or biological agent, it works by reducing the blood supply to the tumour. Currently not approved by NICE, but may been made available by PCTs through the new interim cancer drugs fund in certain situations.

Panitumimab (Vectibix) - Works in a similar way to Cetuximab and is suitable for patients expressing the K-Ras wild type gene and the EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) which it binds to and blocks signals that stimulate growth of cancer cells. This drug is given on its own and is used where there are no more chemotherapy options.